09/09/2021

 Today first hour was taken by Maya Miss. Miss gave an idea about Practicum. How to write a practicum and steps to construct a practicum. Second hour in Ancy miss class, Social science presented their discussion report on Kothari Commission. 

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08/09/2021

 Today Shiney Miss took the first hour. Prayer was by me. A beautiful quote was shared by deepa

Today miss taught about

1. Subject Centered Curriculum: Focused on the course being taught. Each one separately from the other. This is the traditional method of teaching. Concentrates on one subject per class, period or block of time with little or no carry over into another subject. It stresses students mastery of a prescribed amount of material. This type of curriculum is more standard based and teacher focused.Textbook are commonly used for instruction and tests evaluates students learning and mastery.Material is primarily based on facts rather than on investigation. Students learn 'what is' rather than the reason behind the facts.

2.Activity Centered Curriculum: It is the modern approach in curriculum development. It is the reaction against the traditional curriculum which was subject centered or teacher dominated. It is purely child centered. Modern educationalist like John Dewey, Rousseau, Mahatma Gandhi, Pestalozzi are the proponents of the Activity Centered Curriculum. Subject matters presented through activities. Sublimations of instincts. Balanced development is possible through this curriculum. Learning by doing learning by living. Development of social skills. Social Virtues can be enhanced. Sustained motivation. Individual accontability

It is for preparation of life and co-operation through activity oriented curriculum. Develop positive attitudes.

Second hour was taken by Joju Sir. September 8 was Literacy Day. So sir mentioned its importance. 

07/09/2021

 First Hour was taken by Ancy miss. Students from English department presented their discussion report on

😊Gurukula and Padashala for Hindu education.

😊Madarasa for Muslim education

😊Pallikoodam by Christian missionaries. 

😊Schools for girls were established by the Maharaja in 1859.

😊In 1860's, the government spread the educational programs into malabar. 

Orientalist Education

Orientalism emerged in late 18th-century European centres of learning and their colonial outposts, when the study of thelanguages, literatures, religions, laws, and art of East Asian societies became a major focus of scholarly attention and intellectual energy

Orientalist are the group of people who are in support of giving education to indian people in indian language 

Anglicist Education

The British planned to educate a small section of upper and middle classes, thus creating a class "Indian in blood and colour but English in tastes, in opinions, in morals and in intellect"

The opinion that favored the introduction of western scientific knowledge in India came to be known as the Anglicize while the Orientals view was in favor of promoting and disseminating the traditional oriental learning. 

The Charter Act of 1813 incorporated the principle of encouraging learned Indians and promoting knowledge of modern sciences in the country. The Charter Act of 1813 directed the East India Company to sanction one lakh rupees annually for the purpose.

The English Education Act 1835 was a legislative Act of the Council of India, gave effect to a decision in 1835 by Lord William Bentinck, then Governor-General of the British East India Company, to reallocate funds it was required by the British Parliament to spend on education and literature in India.

The main resolutions of Bentinck policy are in the followings: English to become the medium of instruction in Indian education. A total ban in investment of any fund on printing of oriental works. Investment of all the funds for education in the improvement of English literature and science only.

In 1835 Lord Macaulay successfully westernised education in India; English was made the official language for the government and courts, and was adopted as the official medium of instruction.

Downward filtration theory is a theory introduced by Lord Macaulay in his so called report called Macaulay's Minutes, 

1. To educate only the high class people in order to give them higher posts in the administration with a view to strengthening the roots of British empire in the Country.

2. When the higher class people would receive English education their culture would be improved and the general public would accept them as their models. As a result, the lower class people would also be educated after being influenced by the higher class people.

3. To educate the higher class people who might undertake the responsibility of educating the general people.

😊Discussed about Charles Grant- Father of modern education in India.

Macaulay's System of Education- 

were promoted in India through the medium of English language alone. 

Wood's Despatch- a written document for the purpose of promoting education in India. 

Major Government interventions like DPEP, SSA were discussed

Giby ma'am taught about Theories of Forgetting and Ebbhinghaus Forgetting Curve. 

06/09/2021

 Today first hour by Joju Sir started with a silent prayer. Sir discussed about currect practices of evaluation in education. Discussed about semester system in colleges. It wan an interactive session.

Second hour was taken by Maya miss.

Today discussion on budhism continued we discussed about

Methods of teaching in Buddhist education😊Oral instructions

😊Discussion

😊Meditation

😊Educational tours etc. 

Decline of Buddhism

😊Barbarianism and invasion

😊Decline of Royal patronage

😊Assimilatiom with Hinduism

😊Corruption

Later discussed about buddhism in kerala and 

😊Two sects of buddhism:mahayana and hinayana.

Then discussed the dhamek stupa, ellora cave, nalanda, Buddha viharas at sarnath

Class concluded by sharing the points on difference between Vedic and Buddhist education.

Last session was optional class. Teacher given time to go through Reading and Reflection and record works.

Insight indepth talk by Raghu Sir 

04/09/2021

 Today - Monday

After a long leave of 6 months our college is ready to reopen. ☺ We all are eagerly waiting for our meeting.👀.. 

Fear - happy - tension- jolly mode🤪

Sadly our canteen will not be opened which is surely a loss.

Joju sir then took the class ,sir gave points on effectiveness indicators 

Giby miss came next since we requested for "no class mode" miss asked us how we felt about coming back to campus. The newly engaged and wed girl's were called upon to share their happiness.

Mam made them dance too. The atmosphere became better as I enjoyed this small Interaction. Even boys too danced and lit up the class.

Next Optional hour , all the works to be submitted were given to miss. Aparna Chechi then took seminar on inclusive education.

After lunch headed for Ancy miss class. We started doing statistics problems today.

Maya miss came next due to our insistence miss too didn't teach. Miss made us to take a round outside the class as a way to make us active aga

in .

3/09/2021

 Today first hour was taken by Giby miss. Gibi miss taught about FORGETTING

It is the failure or inability to rememeber or recall things temporarily or permanently this termed as forgetting.

Inability to retrive information that we have already learned.

Causes of forgetting

Natural Forgetting

If it is of no use we forget things.

Because of disuse we forget things

Aging

Abnormal forgetting

Dementia

Alzhimers

Repression

Causes of forgetting

😊Interference of new learning

😊Aging.

😊Lack of interest/motivation.

😊Lack of proper relaxation

😊Lack of registration

😊Inadequate impressions

😊Medication

😊Health issues.

😊Emotional disturbances.

😊Due to stress, anxitey

😊Lack of mindfullness.

😊Lack of practice 

Second hour was Optional. 

The term Curriculum derived from Currere is the Latin verb meaning “to run” in the way a current runs or flows. Curriculum is a noun that springs from this root and means “a running, course, career”.

Specifications are immediate feedbacks. Specifications comes under objectives. What we conveyed is reflected in the students and we get to know whether the objectives are satisfied through checking its specifications reflected by the students.

Recall and recognition are specification of objective Knowledge.

Definition of curriculum by cunningham

" Curriculum is a tool in the hands of the artist (teacher) to mould his material (pupils) according to his ideals (aims and objectives) in his studio (school). The material is highly self-active and respond consciously"

Curriculum that takes into account the four pillars defined as the foundations of education in the Report to UNESCO of the International Commission on Education for the Twenty-first Century.

Namely: learning to know, learning to do, learning to live together, and learning to be.

Four pillars of curriculum

Learning to know - ability

Learning to do - activity

Learning to live together- acceptability

Learning to be- self awareness

Principles of curriculum

😊Child centerdness👉

Child centered teaching techniques and activity oriented methods should be adopted. Curriculum should satisfy the requirements, needs of the student.

☺Conservative principle 👉

Curriculum should conserve and transmit the traditions, moral, social values and culture of human race.

😀Creative principle 👉

The curriculum should develop the creative powers of the child so that he/she becomes a contributory members of

society.

Activities should be included which enable the child to exercise his creative and constructive Power. Objective of the education is to discover and to develop special interest, tastes, and aptitudes.

😁Preparation for life👉 

Curriculum should create a socially responsible individual. A good human being. Aid him to earn the livelihood sufficiently and adjust with society efficiently. Cater him to meet the challenges of life in future.

😃Forward looking principle👉

Curriculum prepare child for effective adult life. Curriculum should provide vocational education. The curriculum should also include knowledge, skills, experience, influences etc, which will develop in the child ability and power to make effective adjustment in the later life.

Children of today are the future citizens of tomorrow. Education should given them a foundation of knowledge, feeling and that will enable them to change the environment where change is needed.

😄Activity centered👉

Curriculum should contain both mental and physical activities. Emphasis should be given to learning by doing through the activities of hand, head and heart. It should provide constructive, creative, and project activities.

Thought in terms of activity and experience, rather than of knowledge to be acquired. Growth and learning take place where there is activity. He Need Experience more than Instruction. Curriculum must ensure the activity of Body and Mind.

😉Principle of integration 👉

Integrated with previous knowledge. Integrated with child needs, activities, subject knowledge, co-curricular activities and needs of existing society.

😁Principle of utility👉

Curriculum should include those subjects,

activities experiences which are useful to the present life as well as the future life of the children.The curriculum must have practical utility for students so there should be some provision for technical and vocational education in curriculum

😀Principle of comprehensiveness👉

The curriculum should be comprehensive to cater to the needs and total development of the child.Curriculum should be framed in such a way as a every aspect of life, i.e ecnomic relationship, social activities, occupations and spiritual life, is given due emphasis. 

😄Principle of community centeredness👉

child’s development and growth is the main consideration of curriculum, yet his social behaviour is also to be suitably developed, both individual development of

the child and his social development desire equal attention. The values, attitude and skills that are presenting in the community must be reflected in the curriculum.The community needs and characteristics should be kept in view while framing the curriculum.

☺Principle of totality of experiences👉

Curriculum should include the both the literacy and academic subjects as well as the sum total of varied human experiences which a child receives in the school campus in the classrooms, on the playing fields, in the libraries and laboratories and through the various informal contacts with the teachers and other educationists.

😃MATURITY PRINCIPLE 👉 

The curriculum should be suited to the mental and physical development of the pupil.Adapted to the grade of pupils and to their stage of mental and Physical development in the early childhood.

😄MOTIVATION PRINCIPLE 👉

Intrinsic motivation is needed for a child to learn effectively. Interest and motivation will be developed of the child finds that the subjects in the curriculum will satisfy it. Therefore curriculum should be goal directed.

😁Principle of Individual Differences 👉Individual differ in Taste, Temperature, Skill, Experience, Aptitude, Innate ability and in intelligence. So curriculum should be adapted to individual differences. It should not be rigid.

😊THE PRESENCE OF ELASTICITY, FLEXIBILITY AND VARIETY👉

Should not be rigid but should be flexible to suit the changing needs of the people and the society. These should be precious to meet the needs of pupil with different taste, skills and intelligence. Broad based.

☺THE PRINCIPLE OF BALANCE 👉

Curriculum should maintain proper balance between the direct and indirect experiences.Balance between subject and activities between academic and vocational education, between compulsory and optional subjects, between formal and informal education, between individual and social aims of education etc.,

😊Principle of Leisure 👉 The curriculum should prepare the child for the use of leisure time. eg : Music, sports , fine arts , etc., If leisure spent in wrong way , its not only affects the individual but also nation as a whole. So curriculum prepare individual to use effectively their leisure time.

😊Principle of all-round Development👉

All kinds of experience should provide to the students so that they may develop their powers.

☺Principle of Democracy👉 

Secularism and Socialism •Curriculum should be such as it trains the child to imbibe ideal and values of democratic, secular and socialist state. 

😊Principle of Character Building 👉Provide those activities and experiences which promote human and social values Provision for a number of co-curricular activities.

😀Principle of Dignity of Labour👉 

Make provision for socially useful productive work .The student should be provided opportunities to learn from the use of hands

WHAT IS HIDDEN CURRICULUM ?!

Hidden curriculum refers to the unwritten unofficial and often unintended lessons values and perspectives that students learn in school. 

Unwritten, Unofficial, Unintended lessons, Unspoken cultural and social messages that are communicated to students while conveying that topic.

The hidden curriculum described as hidden because it is usually unacknowleged or unexamined by students, educators and

the wider community.

Then after Mayamiss took the third hour.Taught remaining portions of Buddhism.

02/09/2021

 First hour was taken by Maya miss.

Today Maya miss shared some quotes by budha. Then miss taught about Budhism. Budhism can be considered as religion as well as philosophy. Budhism has a well defined founder and organized religion 

Second hour taken by Giby miss. Miss taught about methods/techniques to enhance memory.

How to Enhance Memory?

1) Whole verses Part - Divide the whole portion into parts. One part contain a single concept. children up-to twelve years of age showed better result with the ‘sectional method’ than with the ‘entire method’ except in memorizing those poems

Sometimes we need to give a whole outlook of the concept, then after divide it further. The ‘entire method’ has been found to be superior to the ‘sectional method’ in adults

2) Spaced verses unspaced - Learn different subject interchangedly. This helps brain to register the subjects easier. Take a break during studies. Spaced learning yields better result for permanent memory. Un-spaced learning is good for immediate memory. Continuous cramming may be helpful for immediate memory. But it cannot be useful for permanent memory. Spaced learning fixes the matter more durably.

3) Adistributed/Massive Verses Distributed

Give a break during study. Learning, Excercise, Recreation and Relaxation are doing interchangedly.

4) Association technique

Similar things are connected and learned this connectivity help to remember things.

Association Technique connects the items or ideas we want to remember to one visual theme.

5) Grouping technique

Chunking refers to the process of taking individual pieces of information and grouping them into larger units. By grouping each data point into a larger whole, you can improve the amount of information you can remember. Probably the most common example of chunking occurs in phone numbers

Group things to remember it

For example phone number 9 44 66 77 33 9

A mnemonic is a tool that helps us remember certain facts or large amounts of information. They can come in the form of a song, rhyme, acronym, image, phrase, or sentence. Mnemonics help us remember facts and are particularly useful when the order of things is important.

6) Rhythemic learning- Giving a particular rhythm. Using rhythmic and musical mnemonics in any classroom provides an attractive and innovative

alternative instructional and learning strategy.

“when two vowels go a walkin’, the first one does the talkin”

 

7) Recitation- Facts or Concepts that should be remebered are structured in the form of poem. Eg: "Thirty days hath September, April, June and November… "

8) Multisensory method: Multiple senses are used for learning. This enhance learning activity as well as memory.

Using multiple senses to process information can help with working memory and long-term memory.

9) Ordering or Sequencing: Ordering and sequencing makes thing easy to recollect.

The made-up name “Roy G. Biv” can help kids remember the order of the colors in the rainbow — red, orange, yellow, and so on.

10) Funnel approach- Vast topic area is simplified and learned without loosing its essence. Eg: UGC

A funnel is wide at the top, narrow at the bottom. It's an apt metaphor for an effective learning approach, that is, from general to specific.

The funnel approach helps students recall or retrieve information more effectively.

11) Acronyms: Acronyms are words made up of the first letters of other words. As a mnemonic device, acronyms help you remember the first letters of items in a list, which in turn helps you remember the list itself.

INC- women presidents code

ആ സാരി നല്ലത് ഈ സോണിയയ്ക്ക്

ആ- ആനി ബസൻറ്

സാരി-സരോജിനി നായിഡു

 ന-നെല്ലിസെൻഗുപ്ത

ഈ - ഇന്ദിരാഗാന്ധി

സോണിയക്ക് -സോണിയ ഗാന്ധി

All of the cranial bones: Old People From Texas Eat Sandwiches (Occipital, Parietal, Frontal, Temporal, Ethmoid, Sphenoid)

12)Visualisation Techniques: Visualization is particularly effective for memorizing systems, cycles and processes. Visualization allows you to create a vivid meaningful and memorable story that allows you to recall information.

13)Associating with places: Particular place is used to remember about something. Eg: When you see a zoo remember the features of Ex-situ conservation. When you see a National park remember the features of Insitu conservation.

What are the educational implications?

😊Develop will to learn

😀Adopt multisensory methods

😁Follow maxims of teaching

😁Repetition Overlearning Drill Excercise

😁Repetition and practice should enhance memory.

Forgetting: Failure in memorising things.

Inability to recall, remember, things

Third hour was taken by Joju Sir. Discussed about cognitive domain of blooms taxonomy.

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